«

Hello.

I've been noticing a problem for a while in a larger application and today I
produced a minimal example, given below. When a method is not found, Sinatra
calls NoMethodError#message to display a nice error message, but that is taking
VERY long.

<snip>
require 'sinatra'
require 'nokogiri'
get '/' do
@xml = Nokogiri::XML(File.new('baz.xml', 'rb').read())
foo()
'hello'
end
</snip>

The file 'baz.xml' can be just a simple file, like a root element containing
some thousands of elements. The number of elements is important because, oddly
enough, the time taken for the message to be displayed is proportional to the
size of the XML file. In my system, with a 3.7 MB file this program takes almost
13 seconds to print the message, but in a larger application the message takes a
few minutes to appear.

You can try to print the line yourself instead, but that also takes very long:

<snip>
begin
foo()
rescue ::Exception => boom
puts boom.message
end
<snip>

I don't know where the error might be. The code above looks too innocent to
cause such a weird behavior, and I don't see how either Nokogiri or Sinatra
could be involved, although both of them are required to reproduce the problem.

I'm using Ruby 1.9.2p180, Nokogiri 1.4.4 and Sinatra 1.2.0.

Any help would be greatly appreciated!

--
Adiel Mittmann

On Mar 15, 2011, at 8:25 PM, Adiel Mittmann wrote:

> Hello.
>=20
> I've been noticing a problem for a while in a larger application and =
today I
> produced a minimal example, given below. When a method is not found, =
Sinatra
> calls NoMethodError#message to display a nice error message, but that =
is taking
> VERY long.
>=20
> <snip>
> require 'sinatra'
> require 'nokogiri'
> get '/' do
> @xml =3D Nokogiri::XML(File.new('baz.xml', 'rb').read())
> foo()
> 'hello'
> end
> </snip>
>=20
> The file 'baz.xml' can be just a simple file, like a root element =
containing
> some thousands of elements. The number of elements is important =
because, oddly
> enough, the time taken for the message to be displayed is proportional =
to the
> size of the XML file. In my system, with a 3.7 MB file this program =
takes almost
> 13 seconds to print the message, but in a larger application the =
message takes a
> few minutes to appear.

Let me see if I have this straight:

If baz.xml is empty it is fast
If baz.xml is large it is slow

If this is true it is because it takes time to parse the XML file before =
it gets to foo and discovers that there is no method foo.

Ruby does not know that foo does not exist until you try to call it.=

On Wed, Mar 16, 2011 at 7:24 AM, Eric Hodel <> wrote:
> On Mar 15, 2011, at 8:25 PM, Adiel Mittmann wrote:
>
>> Hello.
>>
>> I've been noticing a problem for a while in a larger application and tod=
ay I
>> produced a minimal example, given below. When a method is not found, Sin=
atra
>> calls NoMethodError#message to display a nice error message, but that is=
taking
>> VERY long.
>>
>> <snip>
>> require 'sinatra'
>> require 'nokogiri'
>> get '/' do
>> =A0@xml =3D Nokogiri::XML(File.new('baz.xml', 'rb').read())
>> =A0foo()
>> =A0'hello'
>> end
>> </snip>
>>
>> The file 'baz.xml' can be just a simple file, like a root element contai=
ning
>> some thousands of elements. The number of elements is important because,=
oddly
>> enough, the time taken for the message to be displayed is proportional t=
o the
>> size of the XML file. In my system, with a 3.7 MB file this program take=
s almost
>> 13 seconds to print the message, but in a larger application the message=
takes a
>> few minutes to appear.
>
> Let me see if I have this straight:
>
> If baz.xml is empty it is fast
> If baz.xml is large it is slow
>
> If this is true it is because it takes time to parse the XML file before =
it gets to foo and discovers that there is no method foo.
>
> Ruby does not know that foo does not exist until you try to call it.

Additional remarks: the file is not properly closed and reading the
whole file in one go is probably also not a good solution. I'd rather

require 'sinatra'
require 'nokogiri'
get '/' do
@xml =3D File.open('baz.xml', 'rb') {|io| Nokogiri::XML(io)}
foo()
'hello'
end

Note, the fact that you read in a large file as one String can
actually be related to your slowness because it might case GC
overhead.

Cheers

robert

--=20
remember.guy do |as, often| as.you_can - without end
http://blog.rubybestpractices.com/

Hello.

On Wed, Mar 16, 2011 at 03:24:29PM +0900, Eric Hodel wrote:
> Let me see if I have this straight:
>
> If baz.xml is empty it is fast
> If baz.xml is large it is slow
>
> If this is true it is because it takes time to parse the XML file before it gets to foo and discovers that there is no method foo.
>
> Ruby does not know that foo does not exist until you try to call it.

The thing is: if method foo is not called at all, and thus no exception is
raised, the resulting web page is shown quickly enough. Nokogiri is pretty fast
at parsing XML files.

It only takes long when the inexistent method foo() is called and the pogram
tries to print the exception message.

Yes, I know this is *very*, *very* weird. Can anybody try to reproduce this bug?
The code snippet is very simple and it shouldn't take more than a couple
minutes.

Thanks for the reply.

--
Adiel Mittmann

On Wed, Mar 16, 2011 at 1:15 PM, Adiel Mittmann <> wrote:
> Hello.
>
> On Wed, Mar 16, 2011 at 03:24:29PM +0900, Eric Hodel wrote:
>> Let me see if I have this straight:
>>
>> If baz.xml is empty it is fast
>> If baz.xml is large it is slow
>>
>> If this is true it is because it takes time to parse the XML file before it gets to foo and discovers that there is no method foo.
>>
>> Ruby does not know that foo does not exist until you try to call it.
>
> The thing is: if method foo is not called at all, and thus no exception is
> raised, the resulting web page is shown quickly enough. Nokogiri is pretty fast
> at parsing XML files.
>
> It only takes long when the inexistent method foo() is called and the pogram
> tries to print the exception message.
>
> Yes, I know this is *very*, *very* weird. Can anybody try to reproduce this bug?
> The code snippet is very simple and it shouldn't take more than a couple
> minutes.

Not if one does not have the environment installed. Did you try the
suggested change?

Cheers

robert


--
remember.guy do |as, often| as.you_can - without end
http://blog.rubybestpractices.com/

Hello.

On Wed, Mar 16, 2011 at 09:08:42PM +0900, Robert Klemme wrote:
> Additional remarks: the file is not properly closed and reading the
> whole file in one go is probably also not a good solution. I'd rather
>
> require 'sinatra'
> require 'nokogiri'
> get '/' do
> @xml = File.open('baz.xml', 'rb') {|io| Nokogiri::XML(io)}
> foo()
> 'hello'
> end
>
> Note, the fact that you read in a large file as one String can
> actually be related to your slowness because it might case GC
> overhead.

That is indeed a better way to read the file, thanks for pointing it out.

The same problem happens with the code you suggested, however.

In any case, did you test any of the variants? Was it very slow as in my case?

Thank you for your reply.

--
Adiel Mittmann

Hi, I discovered what's causing the problem.

Ruby's function name_err_mesg_to_str (file error.c, line 929, SVN snapshot),
which produces the dreaded message, proceeds as follows:

1. It converts the object that does not possess the method in question to a
string, by calling #inspect;

2. If it doesn't like that string (i.e., if it's nil or is bigger than 65
characters), then it creates a simpler representation and use it instead.

In other words, if you happen to call a method on an object that doesn't define
to_s but that does contain a lot of data, then calling an undefined method and
trying to print the resulting exception's message will take a long time because
all the data in the object will have to be converted to a string -- just to be
discarded.

Maybe in a case like this the message should always return the simpler
representation of the object instead of calling to_s?

--
Adiel Mittmann

On Wed, Mar 16, 2011 at 10:28 PM, Adiel Mittmann <> wrote:
> Hi, I discovered what's causing the problem.
>
> Ruby's function name_err_mesg_to_str (file error.c, line 929, SVN snapshot),
> which produces the dreaded message, proceeds as follows:
>
> 1. It converts the object that does not possess the method in question to a
> string, by calling #inspect;
>
> 2. If it doesn't like that string (i.e., if it's nil or is bigger than 65
> characters), then it creates a simpler representation and use it instead.
>
> In other words, if you happen to call a method on an object that doesn't define
> to_s but that does contain a lot of data, then calling an undefined method and
> trying to print the resulting exception's message will take a long time because
> all the data in the object will have to be converted to a string -- just to be
> discarded.
>
> Maybe in a case like this the message should always return the simpler
> representation of the object instead of calling to_s?

I'd rather provide a custom #inspect method for objects which may
contain potentially large volumes of data. Nobody can read that
anyway when printed on console or somewhere else.

Kind regards

robert

--
remember.guy do |as, often| as.you_can - without end
http://blog.rubybestpractices.com/

Hello.

On Thu, Mar 17, 2011 at 05:07:47PM +0900, Robert Klemme wrote:
> I'd rather provide a custom #inspect method for objects which may
> contain potentially large volumes of data. Nobody can read that
> anyway when printed on console or somewhere else.

I agree with you: if I am going to print out a big object to the console, it's
better to provide a custom #inspect in order to generate a nice summary.

However, I find it odd that I *must* write such a method for all big objects,
regardless of whether I'm ever going to print them out or not -- because
otherwise my program may eventually freeze for up to a few minutes doing the
very complicated task of telling me that some method didn't exist

--
Adiel Mittmann