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Greetings!

I'm currently using Python to implement a set of tests for code that is
otherwise written in C. This code was wrapped using Boost.Python and is
then loaded into Python as module.

What I often have in C is this:

// bitfield (several flags combined)
#define STATUS_OVERTEMP 1u
#define STATUS_ON_FIRE 2u
#define STATUS_BORED 4u
unsigned get_status(void);

// enumeration (distinct values from a set)
enum color { color_red=1, color_green=13, color_mauve=42 };
enum color get_color(void);

What I'm looking for is a suggestion how to handle this in Python. Note that
technically, this works without problem, I'm rather looking for stylistic
advise. What I currently have is these (note: I'm retyping this, so ignore
any syntax errors, please):

STATUS_OVERTEMP = 1
STATUS_ON_FIRE = 2
STATUS_BORED = 4
def status_as_string(st):
tmp = []
if st&STATUS_OVERTEMP:
tmp.append("OVERTEMP")
if st&STATUS_ON_FIRE:
tmp.append("ON_FIRE")
if st&STATUS_BORED:
tmp.append("BORED")
return "|".join(tmp)

COLOR_RED = 1
COLOR_GREEN = 13
COLOR_MAUVE = 42
def color_as_string(c):
names = {
COLOR_RED:"RED",
COLOR_GREEN:"GREEN",
COLOR_MAUVE:"MAUVE"}
return names[c];

Further, I also tried defining a separate class:

class Color(int):
RED = 1
GREEN = 13
MAUVE = 42
names = { RED:"RED", GREEN:"GREEN", MAUVE:"MAUVE"}

def __str__(self):
return names[c];
...


To be a bit more explicit about what I would like, here is an example how I
would like to use it:

c = Color.RED
type(c) # should yield class Color
str(c) # should yield "RED"
Color(999) # should signal the invalid color value


Any other suggestions how to structure this or rewrite this?

thanks!

Uli


--
Sator Laser GmbH
Geschäftsführer: Thorsten Föcking, Amtsgericht Hamburg HR B62 932

Ulrich Eckhardt wrote:
> Greetings!
>
> I'm currently using Python to implement a set of tests for code that is
> otherwise written in C. This code was wrapped using Boost.Python and is
> then loaded into Python as module.
>
> What I often have in C is this:
>
> // bitfield (several flags combined)
> #define STATUS_OVERTEMP 1u
> #define STATUS_ON_FIRE 2u
> #define STATUS_BORED 4u
> unsigned get_status(void);
>
> // enumeration (distinct values from a set)
> enum color { color_red=1, color_green=13, color_mauve=42 };
> enum color get_color(void);
>
> What I'm looking for is a suggestion how to handle this in Python. Note that
> technically, this works without problem, I'm rather looking for stylistic
> advise. What I currently have is these (note: I'm retyping this, so ignore
> any syntax errors, please):
>
> STATUS_OVERTEMP = 1
> STATUS_ON_FIRE = 2
> STATUS_BORED = 4
> def status_as_string(st):
> tmp = []
> if st&STATUS_OVERTEMP:
> tmp.append("OVERTEMP")
> if st&STATUS_ON_FIRE:
> tmp.append("ON_FIRE")
> if st&STATUS_BORED:
> tmp.append("BORED")
> return "|".join(tmp)
>
> COLOR_RED = 1
> COLOR_GREEN = 13
> COLOR_MAUVE = 42
> def color_as_string(c):
> names = {
> COLOR_RED:"RED",
> COLOR_GREEN:"GREEN",
> COLOR_MAUVE:"MAUVE"}
> return names[c];
>
> Further, I also tried defining a separate class:
>
> class Color(int):
> RED = 1
> GREEN = 13
> MAUVE = 42
> names = { RED:"RED", GREEN:"GREEN", MAUVE:"MAUVE"}
>
> def __str__(self):
> return names[c];
> ...
>
>
> To be a bit more explicit about what I would like, here is an example how I
> would like to use it:
>
> c = Color.RED
> type(c) # should yield class Color
> str(c) # should yield "RED"
> Color(999) # should signal the invalid color value
>
>
> Any other suggestions how to structure this or rewrite this?
>
> thanks!
>
> Uli
>
>
For the Color example, how's this for a starting place:


class Color(object):
def __init__(self, name, enum):
self.enum = enum
self.name = name
setattr(Color, name, self)

@staticmethod
def seal():
del Color.__init__
del Color.seal

def __str__(self):
return self.name



Color("RED", 4)
Color("GREEN", 11)
Color.seal() #prevent any new instances from being created


b = Color.RED
print type(b)
print str(b)

a = Color.GREEN
print a
print a.enum

k = Color
xx = Color("aaa", 42) #error



>
>

Ulrich Eckhardt wrote:
[how to handle bitfields and enumerations in Python]

Thanks to all that answered. The important lessons I learned:
* You can modify classes, other than in C++ where they are statically
defined. This allows e.g. adding constants.
* __repr__ should provide output suitable as input to the Python
interpreter if possible.

Very interesting!

Uli

--
Sator Laser GmbH
Geschäftsführer: Thorsten Föcking, Amtsgericht Hamburg HR B62 932