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Hi all,

If I compile the following program with G++ 4.0.2 and run it I get the
following output:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(char argc, char *argv[]) {
int x, y;

cout << "Address of x = " << (unsigned long)&x << endl;
cout << "Address of y = " << (unsigned long)&y << endl;
cout << "Difference in addresses = "
<< (unsigned long)&y - (unsigned long)&x << endl;

return 1;
}

$ ./a.out
Address of x = 3219613408
Address of y = 3219613404
Difference in addresses = 4294967292

I'm wondering why does "Difference in addresses" show a long, seemingly
random, number instead of 4? Am I casting things wrong?

Thanks,
-Andy

Acck! I should review my problems longer before submitting them to
UseNet . For some reason y is allocated before x in the address
space. Doing arithmatic on the unsigned values underflows and a "big"
value is produced.

Never mind.
-Andy

aist...@gmail.com wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> If I compile the following program with G++ 4.0.2 and run it I get the
> following output:
>
> #include <iostream>
> using namespace std;
>
> int main(char argc, char *argv[]) {
> int x, y;
>
> cout << "Address of x = " << (unsigned long)&x << endl;
> cout << "Address of y = " << (unsigned long)&y << endl;
> cout << "Difference in addresses = "
> << (unsigned long)&y - (unsigned long)&x << endl;
>
> return 1;
> }
>
> $ ./a.out
> Address of x = 3219613408
> Address of y = 3219613404
> Difference in addresses = 4294967292
>
> I'm wondering why does "Difference in addresses" show a long, seemingly
> random, number instead of 4? Am I casting things wrong?
>
> Thanks,
> -Andy

wrote:
> Acck! I should review my problems longer before submitting them to
> UseNet . For some reason y is allocated before x in the address
> space. Doing arithmatic on the unsigned values underflows and a "big"
> value is produced.
>
Framing a post to Usenet is often a good way to solve you own problems!

--
Ian Collins.

<> skrev i en meddelelse
news: oups.com...
> Hi all,
>
> If I compile the following program with G++ 4.0.2 and run it I get the
> following output:
>
> #include <iostream>
> using namespace std;
>
> int main(char argc, char *argv[]) {
> int x, y;
>
> cout << "Address of x = " << (unsigned long)&x << endl;
> cout << "Address of y = " << (unsigned long)&y << endl;
> cout << "Difference in addresses = "
> << (unsigned long)&y - (unsigned long)&x << endl;
>
> return 1;
> }
>
> $ ./a.out
> Address of x = 3219613408
> Address of y = 3219613404
> Difference in addresses = 4294967292
>
> I'm wondering why does "Difference in addresses" show a long, seemingly
> random, number instead of 4? Am I casting things wrong?

Because you assume that the address of pointer y is greater than pointer x.

On the win32 platform your cast will result in pointer turncation, most
likely also on linux.
You need to cast to a 64 bit number instead of a 32 bit number.

If you change your cast to (unsigned long long) it will work fine on atleast
win32.

int x, y;
unsigned long long addrOfX = reinterpret_cast<unsigned long long>(&x),
addrOfY = reinterpret_cast<unsigned long
long>(&y);
cout << "Address of x = " << addrOfX << endl <<
"Address of y = " << addrOfY << endl <<
"Difference in addresses = " <<
(addrOfX < addrOfY ? (addrOfY - addrOfX) : (addrOfX - addrOfY))
<< endl;

//eric

posted:


> I'm wondering why does "Difference in addresses" show a long, seemingly
> random, number instead of 4? Am I casting things wrong?


Perhaps you want something like:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>

typedef int SomeType;

int main(void)
{
SomeType const obj[2];

ptrdiff_t const diff = (char*)(obj + 1) - (char*)obj;

printf("The difference is %lu bytes.\n", diff);
}

(Would "ptrdiff_t" be preferable over "size_t"? Is "%lu" suitable to use
with "printf"?)


When you define two objects of the same type as follows:

int a, b;

You have no guarantee that there is no padding between them, or even that
they're stored ANYWHERE near each other in memory.



--

Frederick Gotham

Frederick Gotham posted:


I forgot I was on the C++ forum, rather than C.


> #include <stdio.h>
> #include <stddef.h>


#include <iostream>
#include <cstddef>


> typedef int SomeType;
>
> int main(void)
> {
> SomeType const obj[2];
>
> ptrdiff_t const diff = (char*)(obj + 1) - (char*)obj;


std:trdiff_t


> printf("The difference is %lu bytes.\n", diff);



std::cout << ...


--

Frederick Gotham

<> wrote:

> cout << "Difference in addresses = "
> << (unsigned long)&y - (unsigned long)&x << endl;
>
> Address of x = 3219613408
> Address of y = 3219613404
> Difference in addresses = 4294967292
>
> I'm wondering why does "Difference in addresses" show a long,
> seemingly random, number instead of 4?


(uint32)(4 - = (uint32) (-4)
= 2^32 - 4
= 4294967296 - 4
= 4294967292

Which is exactly what you got.


--
Cheers,
Robbie Hatley
Tustin, CA, USA
lonewolfintj at pacbell dot net
(put "[usenet]" in subject to bypass spam filter)
http://home.pacbell.net/earnur/

On Thu, 06 Jul 2006 23:40:43 GMT, Frederick Gotham
<> wrote in comp.lang.c++:

> Frederick Gotham posted:
>
>
> I forgot I was on the C++ forum, rather than C.
>
>
> > #include <stdio.h>
> > #include <stddef.h>
>
>
> #include <iostream>
> #include <cstddef>
>
>
> > typedef int SomeType;
> >
> > int main(void)
> > {
> > SomeType const obj[2];
> >
> > ptrdiff_t const diff = (char*)(obj + 1) - (char*)obj;

Subtracting pointers that do not point to parts of the same object is
undefined behavior.

>
>
> std:trdiff_t
>
>
> > printf("The difference is %lu bytes.\n", diff);
>
>
>
> std::cout << ...

--
Jack Klein
Home: http://JK-Technology.Com
FAQs for
comp.lang.c http://c-faq.com/
comp.lang.c++ http://www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/
alt.comp.lang.learn.c-c++
http://www.contrib.andrew.cmu.edu/~a...FAQ-acllc.html

On Thu, 06 Jul 2006 23:37:40 GMT, Frederick Gotham
<> wrote in comp.lang.c++:

> posted:
>
>
> > I'm wondering why does "Difference in addresses" show a long, seemingly
> > random, number instead of 4? Am I casting things wrong?
>
>
> Perhaps you want something like:
>
> #include <stdio.h>
> #include <stddef.h>
>
> typedef int SomeType;
>
> int main(void)
> {
> SomeType const obj[2];
>
> ptrdiff_t const diff = (char*)(obj + 1) - (char*)obj;

Subtracting or comparing pointers that do not point to parts of the
same object is undefined behavior.

> printf("The difference is %lu bytes.\n", diff);
> }
>
> (Would "ptrdiff_t" be preferable over "size_t"? Is "%lu" suitable to use
> with "printf"?)

ptrdiff_t is a signed type. There is no guarantee whatsoever what, if
any, relationship it might have with an unsigned long, so "%lu" is
particularly inappropriate. In fact, it needs a cast to whatever type
of printf() conversion specified is used.

> When you define two objects of the same type as follows:
>
> int a, b;
>
> You have no guarantee that there is no padding between them, or even that
> they're stored ANYWHERE near each other in memory.

That's why subtracting or comparing their addresses is strictly
undefined.

--
Jack Klein
Home: http://JK-Technology.Com
FAQs for
comp.lang.c http://c-faq.com/
comp.lang.c++ http://www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/
alt.comp.lang.learn.c-c++
http://www.contrib.andrew.cmu.edu/~a...FAQ-acllc.html

In article <>,
says...

[ ... ]

> Subtracting or comparing pointers that do not point to parts of the
> same object is undefined behavior.

Close, but not quite right. The behavior is defined, but the result
is unspecified. If you do something like this:

int a, b;

if ( a < b)
std::cout << "A less than B";
else
std::cout << "A greater than or equal to B";

It's entirely open to question _which_ leg of the if statement will
execute, but you basically get normal execution: one leg or the other
will execute, and things proceed normally from there. Undefined
behavior would mean absolutely _anything_ could happen from there
out.

--
Later,
Jerry.

The universe is a figment of its own imagination.