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What is formfeed
how does the '\f' affect output?
in what situation will I use '\f' ? -- 黃子嘉論數學家: 「數學家一生只搞兩樣東西：不是搞數學就是搞女人。 但是我不是數學家…」 |
Re: What is formfeed
Chun-Chieh Wang <shaka@es01.adm.nctu.edu.tw> wrote in
news:be18fd$2mti$1@netnews.csie.NCTU.edu.tw: > how does the '\f' affect output? > in what situation will I use '\f' ? If sent to a printer, it *might* eject the current page. If sent to a terminal window, it might push the text up some number of lines. In practice, I don't think I've ever used it. Why don't you try it and see what it does? -- - Mark -> -- |
Re: What is formfeed
In <be18fd$2mti$1@netnews.csie.NCTU.edu.tw> Chun-Chieh Wang <shaka@es01.adm.nctu.edu.tw> writes:
>how does the '\f' affect output? "Form feed" is shorthand for something like "feed a new sheet of paper into the printer" (implicitly meaning that the current page is ejected). Its effect on printers using continuous paper is less well defined, but the intent is similar. Its effect on anything else is even less well defined. >in what situation will I use '\f' ? Seldom. Depending on the printer type and on the way you access it, you may want to output it before closing a stream connected to the printer. If your program doesn't talk directly to the printer, it's probably not needed at all. It's most useful to programs that know exactly to what kind of printer they're talking, so they can decide when it's the right time to move to a new page (if the decision cannot be left to the printer itself). Another usage is in plain text files, to divide them into *logical* pages. There is no guarantee that these logical pages will nicely map into physical pages when the file is printed, however. When such files are displayed on the screen, the ASCII FF character is often represented as ^L. You can type it yourself on an ASCII keyboard as CTRL-L. Dan -- Dan Pop DESY Zeuthen, RZ group Email: Dan.Pop@ifh.de |
Re: What is formfeed
On 3 Jul 2003 14:14:30 GMT, Dan.Pop@cern.ch (Dan Pop) wrote:
>In <be18fd$2mti$1@netnews.csie.NCTU.edu.tw> Chun-Chieh Wang <shaka@es01.adm.nctu.edu.tw> writes: > >>how does the '\f' affect output? > >"Form feed" is shorthand for something like "feed a new sheet of paper >into the printer" (implicitly meaning that the current page is ejected). > >Its effect on printers using continuous paper is less well defined, but >the intent is similar. Its effect on anything else is even less well >defined. Cutsheet printers are a much more recent invention than the form-feed character is. On mainframe line printers (continious paper printers), the form-feed character typically caused the printer to advance the paper to the top of the next page (delimited by the perforations that seperated one page from another, and governed by a 'print control tape' or 'print control chain' or even a "UCB"). Even on my old ASR33 printer (with pin feed), the form-feed character caused the printer to advance to (what it considered to be) the top of the page (in this case, governed by a metal setpost on a cam, mounted on the pinfeed drive). In any case, the '\f' sequencee in C does none of these things; it simply causes the compiler to substitute the appropriate form-feed character (or character sequence) (in the hosted characterset) into the data stream. /How/ that form-feed character (or sequence) is interpreted is undefined to C, and could cause the launching of an ICBM instead of the advancement of a piece of paper (should the external environment interpret it in that manner). -- Lew Pitcher IT Consultant, Enterprise Technology Solutions Toronto Dominion Bank Financial Group (Opinions expressed are my own, not my employers') |
Re: What is formfeed
On Thu, 3 Jul 2003, Chun-Chieh Wang wrote:
> how does the '\f' affect output? > in what situation will I use '\f' ? The '\f' character is a form feed. It moves the active position to the start of the next logical page. If you are sending it to a cut sheet printer it might make the printer eject the current sheet. If it is to a continuous feed printer it might make the printer advance to the next perforation mark on the roll. If there is no performation mark then it will advance to whatever the printer driver detemines is the start of the next page. Beyond the examples given, it is really open to interpretation. I could program my terminal display such that a form feed means clear the screen. Obviously since it comes from the days when output went to a teletype or printer, it really only makes sense when you are outputting to a printer. Even then, output to a printer tends to be unportable so you wouldn't necessarily use stdio. So, realistically, you might never use '\f' character. Last time I used it was some 15 or 20 years ago. -- main(){int j=1234;char t[]=":@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz.\n",*i= "iqgbgxmdbjlgdv.lksrqek.n";char *strchr(const char *,int);while( *i){j+=strchr(t,*i++)-t;j%=sizeof t-1;putchar(t[j]);} return 0;} |
Re: What is formfeed
On 3 Jul 2003 12:52:27 GMT, in comp.lang.c , "Mark A. Odell"
<nospam@embeddedfw.com> wrote: >Chun-Chieh Wang <shaka@es01.adm.nctu.edu.tw> wrote in >news:be18fd$2mti$1@netnews.csie.NCTU.edu.tw: > >> how does the '\f' affect output? >> in what situation will I use '\f' ? > >If sent to a printer, it *might* eject the current page. If sent to a >terminal window, it might push the text up some number of lines. and it might also print either a little arrow with an f next to it, or a looking-glass (windows apps do both of these, when the mood takes them). All of these are possible, because the interpretation of escape sequences is implementation defined. -- Mark McIntyre CLC FAQ <http://www.eskimo.com/~scs/C-faq/top.html> CLC readme: <http://www.angelfire.com/ms3/bchambless0/welcome_to_clc.html> ----== Posted via Newsfeed.Com - Unlimited-Uncensored-Secure Usenet News==---- http://www.newsfeed.com The #1 Newsgroup Service in the World! >100,000 Newsgroups ---= 19 East/West-Coast Specialized Servers - Total Privacy via Encryption =--- |
Re: What is formfeed
On Thu, 3 Jul 2003 12:44:29 UTC, Chun-Chieh Wang
<shaka@es01.adm.nctu.edu.tw> wrote: > how does the '\f' affect output? > in what situation will I use '\f' ? > Every time you knows that you doesn't print to a real endless stream of bytes, but to a (series) of forms. '\f' tells the driver that the current form is finished and that another should be made ready. If you prints to a screen, the scrren gets cleard, if you prints to a card puncher the current card gets released and the next one positioned so that the next print will start at column one, if you prints to a printer the current page gets removed from the printer and the next one gets inserted so that the first logical printable line gets presented, if you prints to a file that is formed as something a printer driver (e.g. postcript or hpgl or something else) will know what it has to do when it gets the page presented to put it out to its device. To make it short, on text streams (binary streams will always ignore any special meaning): - '\n' closes a line - '\f' closes a page - '\t' prints a tab wide spaces (whereas the definition of the tab depends on the driver attached to the stream.) - '\b' lets the logical cursor go a char backwards whereas this cursor may be a the cursor on screen, the printhead, a pinter inside the print buffer on the device or the driver.... - '\a' may ring a bell, a siren, or another device that does require the attention of the operator or even does nothing when no device that can be activated on that signal gets activated. On a PC it will give traditionally a signal to the speaker or play a wave file through the soudcard - or even do nothing or something else. This depends completely on the driver that receives the stream. There are more special defined charachters to modify the stream in shorthand or with special meaning. So a C programm has many possibilities to modify the visible result often without knowing which device is attached to it. -- Tschau/Bye Herbert Rosenau http://www.pc-rosenau.de eComStation Reseller in Germany eCS 1.1 GA englisch wird jetzt ausgeliefert |
Re: What is formfeed
Chun-Chieh Wang <shaka@es01.adm.nctu.edu.tw> wrote in message news:be18fd$2mti$1@netnews.csie.NCTU.edu.tw... > how does the '\f' affect output? That depends upon the target device. > in what situation will I use '\f' ? When the device to which you have a stream attached has assigned a particular meaning to '\f' which you find useful. Example: some printers will eject a page when receiving a '\f' character. Depending upon the applications you write, you might indeed never use '\f'. It's been a long while since I've used it myself. -Mike |
Re: What is formfeed
Lew.Pitcher@td.com (Lew Pitcher) writes:
> In any case, the '\f' sequencee in C does none of these things; it simply causes > the compiler to substitute the appropriate form-feed character (or character > sequence) (in the hosted characterset) into the data stream. /How/ that > form-feed character (or sequence) is interpreted is undefined to C, and could > cause the launching of an ICBM instead of the advancement of a piece of paper > (should the external environment interpret it in that manner). As could any character, including plain old ordinary printable characters, etc., as the interpretation of a character by the host environment is completely outside of the scope of the C language (and its standard). However, the standard does put forth the *intended* interpretation for "\f", so I think we're pretty safe for that :-) -Micah |
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